Panorama

Panorama

Panorama is an expression of the power to create the composition of a series of images, which acts as a pan over a larger area than a normal picture.

Most new smartphones have panoramic features built in as a standard function in their camera, where you can take pictures which is automatically stitched together by the phones technology.

ISO 200     |    24 billeder à 18mm    |     f/3.5   |   1/4000

Here is a panorama combined of 24 images so you'll get a 180 degree view. At the same location I tried to take pictures 360 degrees, but then Hugin may however, get off - partly because the blue sky's lack of control points could not give a proper interconnection of the pictures in the sky, and partly because no program could restore 360 ​​degrees on a 2 dimensional plane ( ie. Hugin was not the fault here). In the program Hugin actually shows the composite images on a sphere where I could actually see 360 ​​degrees around - still with problems at the top in the middle of the sky.

The Panorama function is especially useful in situations with a large motive, where it is not possible to move farther away or if you don't have a lens with a very short focal length in your camera bag. But even with a small motive as above, the panorama function provide a particular expression, since it gives a more realistic view of the actual situation.

ISO 1600     |    10 billeder à 18mm    |     f/6.3   |   1/250

Even 10 images can give a very fine panorama. However, this particular picture is on the verge of becoming bad because of horizontal lines easily destroy a panorama. For example the toppled tree remaining parts and the rest of the overturned strain to the left of the picture creates confusion because it's difficult to see that they actually are the same tree falling apart - but because of the distortions in the picture this detail is not so bad - if the lines are clearer, it would have created confusion in the image.

In practice, it is important to take a lot of pictures, then you use a program to stitch the  pictures together. There are many of such softwares and as usual Adobe's Photoshop can be mentioned, but right now I'm on the free Hugin software. It is very easy to use and make some super images with the exposure on the intersection of the different images when they are interconnected. In addition, the program offers a number of opportunities concerning the projection types, so you can get the perfect shot.

After you install the program, it is incredibly easy to use.

1. Shoot the images you'll need.
2. Press 'Load Images' and select the images to be composed
and then the Hugin software automatically stitches the pictures together creating the finished image. The program informs further if some of the pictures have not been able to match the other (if the program can not see the control points that can be used to match the subject across pictures)
For one such message is very simple to correct
2a. Press 'Control Points' and add control points across images by yourself, select two images in the drop down menus and then select motives in the pictures which are the same across two pictures.
3rd If the image is finely put together can continue to 'Projection' or 'pruning' where you can fine-tune the picture so the subject's location in the image is satisfactory. If you have added control points manually remember to press the 'Adjust ...' from the main menu again before you continue fine-tuning.
4th Once you have refined your image is finished and you just need to press the 'Create Panorama' and select a location for the image file and Hugin file so you can reopen the project you were doing if you find an error or similar and must correct this.

To create a panorama with Hugin is therefore incredibly easy and can be done in a short time. The program automatically analyzes images and analyzes the focal length pictures are taken with and it even adjust the exposure to match the entire image.

Tips!
It is not always the best with a panorama. As seen below, for example. an uneven horizon and a dominant light source like the sun at a sunset cause confusion in the image. To avoid this, you can experiment with fewer images - not make a 360 degree panorama, but just make a wide-angle image.